Bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity of glasswort salicornia europaea

Abstract

This study aims to determine the chemical and physical composition and antibacterial activity of glasswort. Soxhlet extraction of Salicornia europaea was performed using Hexane and analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alpha-tocopherol content was analysed by using Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The elemental analysis was investigated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The crystallographic texture and composition of powder samples were determined by X-ray diffraction. The Minimum Inhibition Concentrations and inhibition zones extracts of Salicornia europaea were performed by spectrophotometric broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods, respectively, against 4 bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and 2 fungi (Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis). Alpha-tocopherol quantity and oil content of Salicornia europaea were found to be 2.1 +/- 0.3mg/100 g and 15.15 %, respectively. The detected minerals were also found as Sodium 447, Magnesium 51.98, K 45.86, Ca 14.27 ppm. The highest minimum inhibition concentration was 0.9 mg/ml against Escherichia coli in methanol extract (p.0.05). The highest mean inhibition zones diameter was 3.8 mm for methanol extracts against Bacillus subtilis (p.0.05). As a result, the extract and oil of Salicornia europaea can be used as potential bioactive and antimicrobial agents for pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications.